O metrô da Região Metropolitana de BH foi concedido à iniciativa privada na tarde desta quinta-feira (22/12), em leilão realizado na Bolsa de Valores (B3), em São Paulo. O consórcio Comporte Participações foi o vencedor da disputa, com uma proposta de R$ 25.755.11,00, o que representa um ágio de 33% frente ao lance mínimo era de R$ 19.324.304,67.
O consórcio vencedor, com lance único, será responsável pela modernização e ampliação da Linha 1 e a conclusão da construção da Linha 2, assim como a gestão, operação e manutenção dos serviços pelo prazo de 30 anos. O novo sistema deve beneficiar 270 mil passageiros diariamente.
A sessão pública contou com a presença do governador Romeu Zema, que comemorou o resultado do leilão e se mostrou otimista com os benefícios aos usuários que concessão à iniciativa privada do metrô, que era de responsabilidade da Companhia Brasileira de Trens Urbanos (CBTU), vai trazer.
“Quatro anos atrás, nunca poderia imaginar que viria aqui na B3 tantas vezes para projetos que vão mudar por completo a nossa região metropolitana, como este do metrô e o Rodoanel. Quem frequenta BH sabe das dificuldades em relação ao trânsito e à mobilidade. E isso terá uma melhoria muito grande dentro de alguns anos para a população”, destacou.
Sonho antigo
Já o secretário de Estado de Infraestrutura e Mobilidade (Seinfra), Fernando Marcato, destacou que a modernização do metrô é um sonho antigo dos moradores da capital e de cidades da Região Metropolitana. Ele lembrou que a partir de 2019 Minas foi o estado que mais estruturou concessões e parcerias, totalizando 14 projetos. “Para o segundo mandato o governador já estabeleceu uma meta de 30 propostas”, disse. Marcato ainda ressaltou o papel de liderança do governador e afirmou que uma das características da atual gestão é poder trabalhar com autonomia.
O secretário citou ainda que o projeto do metrô permitiu engajar o maior número de pessoas, como o Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (BNDES), Ministério de Desenvolvimento Social, Ministério da Economia e, sobretudo, a sociedade mineira. “A concessão do metrô de Belo Horizonte é um trabalho meritório, pois contou com o envolvimento de funcionários públicos que trabalharam dia e noite para realizar o sonho dos mineiros”, disse.
Marcato enalteceu também o papel desempenhado por parceiros da sociedade civil neste processo, como a Câmara de Dirigentes Lojistas de Belo Horizonte (CDL-BH), representada pelo presidente, Marcelo de Souza e Silva. “Há mais de 20 anos lutamos por isso e vimos agora esse apoio dos governos federal e estadual, uma mobilização com técnica, e unimos força para auxiliar nesse projeto, e vamos acompanhar a empresa que ganhou, trazendo uma melhoria de qualidade para a população, consumidores e trabalhadores que utilizam esse transporte em nossa cidade”, o presidente da CDL-BH.
A sessão também contou com a presença do ministro da Economia em exercício, Marcelo Pacheco dos Guaranys, do presidente do BNDES, Gustavo Montezano, e do secretário Especial do Programa de Parcerias em Investimentos (PPI), Bruno Westin, “esse leilão representa a conclusão de uma fase e início de outra, e tivemos êxito nessa proposta. Essas desestatizações representam para o Estado gastar menos com a viabilidade de oferecer mais para o cidadão”, descreveu Bruno Westin.
Estrutura
O metrô de BH possui apenas a Linha 1, que compreende 19 estações, ao longo de 28,1 quilômetros de extensão, situadas entre Belo Horizonte e Contagem. A previsão é de que a Linha 1 seja revitalizada e ganhe mais uma estação, no Novo Eldorado, em Contagem. Já a Linha 2, que teve obras iniciadas em 1998 e paralisadas em 2004, terá sete novas estações ligando Calafate ao Barreiro por 10,5 quilômetros de extensão.
A previsão é a de que as novas estações comecem a ser inauguradas a partir do quarto ano da concessão e que todas estejam em operação no sexto ano.
Ao todo, o investimento projetado é de R$ 3,7 bilhões, ao longo de 30 anos do contrato de concessão. Serão destinados R$ 3,2 bilhões de aportes públicos para o metrô de Belo Horizonte, dos quais R$ 2,8 bilhões oriundos do governo federal e cerca de R$ 440 milhões do Governo de Minas, provenientes do Termo de Reparação assinado com a Vale em decorrência do rompimento da barragem de Brumadinho. O Acordo Judicial visa reparar os danos causados pela tragédia, que tirou a vida de 272 pessoas e gerou uma série de impactos sociais, ambientais e econômicos na bacia do Rio Paraopeba e em todo o Estado de Minas Gerais.
A empresa vencedora do leilão deve iniciar os investimentos no primeiro semestre de 2023. Com as melhorias, o sistema deve beneficiar aproximadamente 270 mil passageiros diariamente, dos quais 50 mil devem utilizar a nova Linha 2.
A CBTU é uma empresa pública criada em 1984, vinculada ao Ministério do Desenvolvimento Regional, sendo a União Federal proprietária de 100% de suas ações. Entretanto, a Constituição Federal de 1988 atribuiu aos governos estaduais a gestão dessas redes de transporte, e desde então as operações têm sido transferidas para os estados. Nesse cenário, já foram transferidas as operações da CBTU para os estados de São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Ceará e Bahia.
Para fazer essa descentralização para as unidades federativas, é necessário separar as operações do restante da empresa, por meio de cisões que criam filiais regionais. No caso de Minas Gerais, foram criadas as subsidiárias CBTU-MG e Veículo de Desestatização MG Investimentos S/A (VDMG), que funcionam como braços regionais da CBTU e que serão transferidas ao futuro concessionário.
Metroviários
Uma das garantias do edital é um ano de estabilidade aos metroviários da CBTU (Companhia Brasileira de Trens Urbanos), que devem ser absorvidos posteriormente, e os metroviários terão a opção de adquirir até 10% da nova empresa que assumirá o metrô.
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